This Program is to perform Right and Left rotate Operation

What is rotation of a number by a bit?

Rotation of a number by a particular bit can be:

• Left Rotation
• Right Rotation

Left Rotation:
This means shifting all the bits to the left and pushing the dropped Most significant bit(MSB) to the Least significant bit(LSB).

Right Rotation:
This means shifting all the bits to the right and pushing the dropped Least significant bit(LSB) to the Most significant bit(MSB).

Logic:

Example:
Number =16
shift bit = 2

16 = 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1) perform Left shift by 2
= 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

After doing this we loose the Total bits – shift bits from the MSB which has to made as LSB
2) But in rotation total_bits – shift_bit has to go as LSB
To do this

Perform Right shift of the given number by total_bits – shift_bits

Once after doing this, 2 bits from MSB became as LSB and rest 0
After doing that result is 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

3) Now we perform OR operation between 1 and 2

So answer is 64

Left shift means by multiplying that number by power of 2 by that bit

Right Shift:

Example:
Number =16
pos =2

16 = 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1) perform Right shift by 2
= 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

2) Now in Right Rotate,last(LSB) 2(pos No of bits) has to become MSB. For that

Shift the number to left by (Total_bits – pos) bits.

Number : 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Total_bits -pos = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3) Now we need to OR 1 and 2
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
————————-
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

So answer is 4

Right shift means dividing the Number by power of 2 to that bit

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_BIT (sizeof(int) * 8)
#define left_rotation(num, bit) ((num << bit) | num >> (MAX_BIT- bit))
#define right_rotation(num, bit) (( num >>bit) | num << (MAX_BIT -bit))

int display_binary(unsigned int num)
{
   int i;
   for(i = MAX_BIT-1; i>=0; i--)
   {
       if((num >> i)&1)
         printf("1");
       else
         printf("0");
   }
}

int main()
{
  unsigned int num,left_bit, right_bit;
  printf("\n Enter the Number : ");
  scanf("%d", &num);
 
  printf("\n Enter the left rotation bit : ");
  scanf("%d", &left_bit);
  
  printf("\n Enter the right rotation bit : ");
  scanf("%d", &right_bit);
  printf("\n The number in binary is:");
  display_binary(num);
  
  printf("\n The number after left rotation is: %u\n", left_rotation(num, left_bit));
  printf("\n The number after right rotation is: %u\n", right_rotation(num, right_bit));
  return 0;
}
  

Output:

Enter the Number : 12

Enter the left rotation bit : 2

Enter the right rotation bit : 2

The number in binary is:00000000000000000000000000001100
The number after rotation is: 48

The number after rotation is: 3

Categories: C Language